Turmeric Extract

Turmeric extract, derived from Curcuma longa, is a widely studied herbal supplement known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and potential metabolic benefits. Its primary bioactive compounds, curcuminoids (especially curcumin), have demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative stress by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production in microglial cells, suggesting neuroprotective potential [1]. Clinical evidence supports its use in reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in osteoarthritis of the knee, with a 4-month randomized trial showing significant improvements compared to placebo [8]. Additionally, turmeric and curcumin supplementation may improve lipid profiles, including reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, particularly in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors [4]. In individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, turmeric/curcumin supplementation has shown modest but significant reductions in anthropometric indices such as body weight and BMI, suggesting anti-obesity potential [5]. However, poor oral bioavailability due to low solubility, rapid metabolism, and excretion remains a major limitation, prompting the development of enhanced formulations like curcumagalactomannoside (CGM) to improve systemic delivery and efficacy [6][7]. Topical applications of curcumin have also shown promise in managing skin conditions due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, though clinical data remain limited [2]. Safety concerns include potential hepatotoxicity with high-dose or poorly formulated products, emphasizing the need for standardized, well-tolerated preparations [3].